Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
What is CRPS? Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) was originally known as Causalgia, which was then re-named as Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD) but most recently the name for it is CRPS (complex regional pain syndrome). It is characterised by chronic pain and it most often affects one of the limbs. It usually comes on after an injury or trauma to that limb but not always: Complex regional pain syndrome develops after a traumatic event in 90% of patients and with 10% of patients there is no traumatic event (Baykal et al 2013). CRPS is believed to be caused by damage to, or malfunction of, the peripheral and central nervous systems. CRPS is characterised by prolonged or excessive pain, changes in skin colour, temperature and/or swelling in the affected area. The changes in the sympathetic nervous system and the immune system contribute to CRPS. There are effects in the tissues such as altered activity in the blood vessels and nerves that cause the signs and sym