Muscle blog series: Part 6: Strength:


This is the next blog article in the series and will discuss muscle strength. This is more relevant than most people realise. For example a distance runner needs to do strength training due to running loads on the knee being as great as 7 times body weight. It may not alter performance directly but it will minimise the risk of injury.
It is also true that runners worry about muscle building due to the fact that muscle consumes a lot of energy and this will affect their endurance. However the small amount of strength training volume and frequency mean that this is insignificant. So you see even if you think your sport doesn't involve strength it probably does. How much you do will depend on the demands of your sport.

What is Muscle strength?

Muscle strength is the maximum force produced in a muscle or group of muscles during a single maximal contraction.
Strength is influenced by Cross sectional area of a muscle (Larger the muscle the stronger it is!)
Other Factors affecting muscle strength are: length tension, recruitment of motor units, contraction type & speed & motivation
The muscle fibres that you need are Fast twitch muscle fibres as they produce greater force.

How should I train?


With Resistance or weights!
….but resistance recruits slow twitch too but if you do faster reps this will inhibit the slow twitch fibres improving the strengthening effect. The resistance needs to be high too! You need more than 70% of your 1 Rep max (1RM), which 70% of the maximum weight that you can lift only once.
So..
Fast reps but you must be under full control!!!!
It’s all about progressive overload: Every 10 weeks you need to increase your resistance to maintain your progress
Also your body gets used to the exercises so you should vary your exercises by changing them every 2- 4 weeks.
Your workouts should be no longer than 45mins as this will start to break down muscle for fuel (Catabolic).
Sequencing: You should train the larger muscles first and work same areas together.

How many reps should I do to improve strength?

You need to ideally be fatigued at 6-10 reps (i.e. you can’t lift the next rep)
You need to do between 3-5 sets of this also.

What rests do I need?

Basically you need to be fresh at the start of each set so the only signals your brain receives are all about force and not about fatigue. So the closer to your maximum resistance that you are the more rest time you will need. This is very likely to be over 2 minutes and more.

How often do I train?

Times per week: 2-3 for optimal recovery (Remember that you can train other types of fitness on other days)

What exercises are best for muscle strength?

In a way there is no such thing as its how you train not what you train.
You should start generic exercises first and then progress to a specific range and motion similar to your sporting actions.

Here is an example of a generic exercise:

Shoulder press with resistance:
Choose a resistance that you can do with good technique and you reach fatigue at 1 rep (i.e.: you can’t lift the 2nd rep)
Work out 80% of 1RM
Perform 6-10 reps x 3-5 sets

Sport Specific exercises: (done as above, such as 80% 1RM etc.)
Throwing:
Throwing action with adequate resistance through either theraband  or a cable pulley.
Swimming:
Reverse flys for butterfly with adequate resistance with theraband or weights:
Running:
Lunge walks with adequate resistance with weights.

So Strength training is more in depth than you may first realise and is relevant for more sports than you may think. So you better get started!!

If you need any further information or would like to book an appointment then call Hawkes Physiotherapy on 01782 771861 or 07866195914
Keep posted for the next article in the muscle blog series over the coming weeks.


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