Hawkes Physiotherapy Activity during pregnancy infographic

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Patella Tendinopathy

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I hear different terminology used all the time, so what is tendinitis, tendinosis or tendinopathy? Tendinopathy: This is a broad term encompassing painful conditions occurring in and around tendons, which includes tendinitis and tendinosis. Tendinitis: This basically means inflammation of a tendon. Tendinosis:  This means degeneration of tendon (Meaning cumulative damage). So what does this mean to me? For a long time tendinitis was the term used and it was considered that injured tendons were simply inflamed. Then the thinking shifted to the thought that there was little or no inflammation present in these conditions (Andres & Murrell 2008). However as is with research, the thinking is changing again: There may be an inflammatory response associated with chronic tendinopathy, even though recent opinions had decided it to be non-inflammatory (Rees 2013). So both types can occur! This is important as the way that you treat each one has to...
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Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

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Heard of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome? Probably not but you may have heard of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Well they are similar but Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is in the wrist and hand whereas Cubital Tunnel Syndrome is in the Elbow. What is Cubital Tunnel Syndrome? Basically it is a compression neuropathy, which means that a nerve is "trapped”. The nerve at fault in this case is the ulna nerve and where it gets “trapped” is in the cubital tunnel of the elbow: See the below picture: How common is it? It is the second most common compression neuropathy in the upper limb (Palmer & Hughes 2009). What causes it? A common cause is frequent bending of the elbow or constant repetitive pressure on the elbow itself. This then irritates the nerve and it is irritated too much then it becomes a “neuropathy”. What are the symptoms? The patient will complain of pain and numbness in the ring and little finger and weakness is common. If left untreated then this ...
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Pelvic alignment

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Today we are going to look into the evidence behind Pelvic alignment. We will attempt to examine the alignments themselves, how we measure them, how accurate the measurements are and more importantly attempt to answer the question, do they affect injury and pain? Below are the main two Pelvic alignment positions, which are influenced by many factors: Anterior Superior (AS) Ilium: When the PSIS (posterior superior Iliac spine) moves up and forwards It is believed that an anatomical short leg predicts anterior rotation (AS Ilium) of the ipsilateral Ilium (Cooperstein 2010). Posterior Inferior (PI) Ilium: When the PSIS (posterior superior Iliac spine) moves down and backwards It is believed that an anatomical long leg predicts posterior rotation (PI Ilium) of the ipsilateral Ilium (Cooperstein 2010). So what Pelvic alignments shall we examine that influence an AS or a PI ilium? ASIS and PSIS angle of tilt: The angle of the Pelvis usi...
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